分析企業獲利能力 - 五力圖

Five Force Model ( by Michael Portal )

I.        Competition among existing companies

A.      Industry growth

B.      Concentration

C.      Diversity

D.     Conversion cost

E.      Economies of scale

F.       Learning cost

G.     Fixed/variable cost

H.     Overcapacity

I.        Exit cost

II.      Threat of new entrants

A.      Economies of scale

B.      Advanced advantage

C.      Establish sales channels

D.     Relationship network

E.      Legal barrier

III.    Threat of substitutions

A.      Relative price

B.      Relative performance

C.      The conversion cost of buyers

IV.    The bargaining power of buyers

A.      Conversion cost

B.      Diversity

C.      The importance of product cost and quality

D.     Number of buyers

E.      Purchasing power/buyers

V.      The bargaining power of suppliers

A.      Conversion cost

B.      Diversity

C.      The importance of product cost and quality

D.     Number of suppliers

E.      Supply capacity/buyers